Template Ratios

Master the DNA of cocktails. Learn the fundamental ratios that underpin every classic — and use them to create your own.

Learn the Fundamentals

Sours

The largest cocktail family — spirit, citrus, and sweetener in perfect balance. (5 templates)

Spirit-Forward

Minimal mixers. These templates let the base spirit define the drink. (5 templates)

Highballs & Long Drinks

Tall, refreshing, and built in the glass. Spirit stretched with carbonation. (3 templates)

Muddled & Herbal

Fresh herbs and produce muddled directly into the drink. (2 templates)

Flips & Egg Drinks

Rich, decadent drinks made with whole eggs for velvety texture. (1 template)

Champagne & Sparkling

Celebratory cocktails built around effervescence. (2 templates)

Tiki & Tropical

Complex, layered drinks with multiple spirits and exotic ingredients. (1 template)

Punch & Batched

The pre-cocktail template — party bowls sized for a table, scaled by the 1:2:3:4 rhyme. (1 template)

Hot Drinks

Heat-served templates. Aromatics open, sweetener rounds, water dominates by volume. (1 template)

Frozen & Blended

Not new ratios but adjustments — cold suppresses taste, so sweet + sour scale up ~25%. (1 template)

References

Sources for the template canon, family taxonomy, and the historical / modern-craft lineages the sour trio traces.

  • Alex Day, Nick Fauchald, David Kaplan (2018). Cocktail Codex: Fundamentals, Formulas, Evolutions. Ten Speed Press.
    Used for: Root-recipe framework, the Modern Sour 2:1:¾ house standard, family-tree approach to cocktail templates.
  • David Kaplan, Nick Fauchald, Alex Day (2014). Death & Co: Modern Classic Cocktails. Ten Speed Press.
    Used for: Modern craft cocktail canon — original source for many of the Modern Sour builds.
  • David Wondrich (2007). Imbibe! From Absinthe Cocktail to Whiskey Smash, a Salute in Stories and Drinks to Professor Jerry Thomas, Pioneer of the American Bar. Perigee.
    Used for: Historical claims about 19th-century American cocktail lineage — Jerry Thomas era, template origins, Martini ratio drift.
  • David Wondrich (2010). Punch: The Delights (and Dangers) of the Flowing Bowl. Perigee.
    Used for: The 1:2:3:4 sour:sweet:strong:weak punch template, oleo saccharum, historical punch bowls (Regent's, Fish House, Bombay).
  • Dave Arnold (2014). Liquid Intelligence: The Art and Science of the Perfect Cocktail. W.W. Norton.
    Used for: Dilution and temperature targets for shaken vs stirred drinks, acid-adjusting technique, batching math, carbonation.
  • Gary Regan (2003). The Joy of Mixology. Clarkson Potter.
    Used for: Family-based cocktail taxonomy — one of the first modern books to organize drinks by structural template rather than by base spirit.
  • Jim Meehan (2011). The PDT Cocktail Book. Sterling Epicure.
    Used for: Modern craft technique specifics, glassware discipline, contemporary house specs.
  • International Bartenders Association (ongoing). IBA Official Cocktails list. iba-world.com.
    Used for: Baseline for canonical modern cocktails and their official specs (Aperol Spritz, Kir, Negroni, Manhattan, etc.).